The DxS EGFR29 Mutation Test kit is a highly selective assay for the detection of the 29 most common somatic mutations in the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) gene*.

Recent studies into non-small cell lung cancer have shown that some patients carry somatic mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR). These mutations correlate with responsiveness to tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as gefitinib and erlotinib; with some mutations having a sensitising effect and others being linked to resistance.

This kit enables the detection of the following mutations against a background of wild type genomic DNA in a real time PCR assay:

• 19 Deletions in exon 19
• T790M
• L858R
• L861Q
• G719X (detects the presence of G719S, G719A or G719C but does not distinguish between them)
• S768I
• 3 insertions in exon 20 (detects the presence of any of 3 insertions but does not distinguish between them).

These mutations cover a high percentage of all mutations seen in the EGFR gene in cancer samples.

Intended Use
The real-time PCR kit for the detection of mutations in the EGFR gene is for research purposes only.

Technological Principles
DxS has combined ARMS® (allele specific PCR) with the Scorpions® real-time PCR technology to develop this sensitive and robust test for detecting 29 somatic mutations in the EGFR gene.

Protocol
After DNA extraction, real time PCR assays are performed to detect the target molecule. By comparing control and mutant sample reactions users can detect and estimate low levels of mutation. No further sample processing is necessary and the time to result is <3 hours.
  
Key Features

• Qualitative; accurately detects SNPs, insertions and deletions
• Optimised to detect mutated sequences in an excess of normal DNA
• Based on validated technologies; Scorpions for real-time detection and ARMS (allele specific PCR)
• Sample types include human genomic DNA from fresh, frozen or paraffin embedded tissue.
• Can detect 1% of mutant in a background of wild type genomic DNA
• Compatible with most real-time PCR instruments
• This kit is for research use only

* The mutations in EGFR kit were the 29 most frequent in the COSMIC database (http://www.sanger.ac.uk/perl/genetics/CGP/cosmic?action=gene;ln=EGFR) at the end of March 2006

Kit is available in two different kit sizes:
25 reaction kit Product Code: EG-03
100 reaction kit Product Code: EG-04

To place an order please email sales@dxsdiagnostics.com or call +44 161 606 7201 for further information or prices.

Technical Support / Frequently Asked Questions:
Click here for Knowledge Base & FAQ's Registration

References

1. Guillermo Paez J, Pasi A.Jänne, Jeffrey C.Lee et al.  EGFR Mutations in Lung Cancer: Correlation with Clinical Response to Gefitinib Therapy. Sciencexpress , 1-10. 4 A.D.

2. Lynch TJ, Bell DW, Sordella R et al. Activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor underlying responsiveness of non-small-cell lung cancer to gefitinib. N Engl J Med 2004; 350: 2129-2139.

3. Raffaella Sordella, Daphne W.Bell, Daniel A.Haber, Jeffrey Settleman.  Gefitinib-Sensitizing EGFR Mutations in Lung Cancer Activate Anti-Apoptotic Pathways. Science 305, 1163-1167.
   

4. Kimura H, Kasahara K, Kawaishi M et al.  Detection of Epidermal Growth Factor  Receptor Mutations in Serum as a Predictor of the Response to Gefitinib in Patients with Non Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2006;12(13) July 2006.
   

5. Newton CR, Graham A, Heptinstall LE et al. Analysis of any point mutation in DNA. The amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS). Nucleic Acids Res. 1989; 17: 2503-2516.
   

6. Whitcombe D, Theaker J, Guy SP, Brown T, Little S. Detection of PCR products using self-probing amplicons and fluorescence. Nat.Biotechnol. 1999; 17: 804-807.